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Drainage systems remove subsurface and surface water from property. Improper grading and drainage of the property can result in foundation problems and possible structural water penetration. Observing the grading and drainage situation of a home is critical in areas of expansive clay, such as Houston. Approximently 80% of foundation problems are caused by poor drainage, the property should slope and have swales cut so water drains away from the structure. Gutters and downspouts divert water from the foundation. Gutter extensions should direct the water away from the structure and property. Clogged gutters will create dams and defeat the purpose of the gutter system. Water overflow at the gutter will create wet spots next to the foundation. Expansive clay soils requires water to prevent settlement. The inspector looks to see if the ground is cracking to a significant degree and or pulling away from the foundation. At least 4" to 6" of foundation face should be showing below the exterior siding or brick. Soil levels above the brick line or that is in contact with the exterior siding promotes water penetration and insect infestation which can cause damage to the structure. The interior perimeter of the structure should also be checked for signs of water penetration. Pier and Beam and concrete slab foundation movement is due to settlement or upheaval. The inspector looks for noticeable level and plumb of exterior and interior walls and floors, and cracking of interior gypsum board ceilings and partitions, particularly at door and window locations. |
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